Problem and Needs Analysis

Understanding urban challenges and innovative solutions

Context

Urban areas are heating up faster than their surroundings.

Average urban heat island (UHI) effect: +2°C to +7°C compared with nearby rural zones.

Heatwaves are increasing in frequency, intensity, and duration.

Air pollution peaks (NO₂, PM₂.₅, O₃) often coincide with these heatwaves, worsening health risks.

The combined effects lead to public health crises, higher energy demand, and unequal exposure across neighborhoods.

Climate change and rapid urbanization exacerbate this imbalance. As cities densify, sealed surfaces, lack of vegetation, and poor ventilation amplify heat and pollution concentration.

The Core Problem

Urban planners and decision-makers lack integrated, predictive tools to assess how planned construction or green infrastructure will affect local temperature and air quality in the coming years.

Current issues:

Fragmented Data

Temperature, pollution, vegetation data sources without unified modeling.

Descriptive vs Predictive

Most tools show today's situation, not tomorrow's predictions.

Poor Resolution

Climate models are often too coarse (1–10 km) for city-scale decisions.

Siloed Analysis

Air quality, heat, and comfort treated separately despite being connected.

Citizens have no accessible way to understand where and when their city becomes unsafe or uncomfortable.

The result:

  • • Urban projects are designed without full awareness of their thermal or atmospheric impact
  • • Mitigation measures (trees, materials, ventilation corridors) are implemented reactively instead of proactively

Needs Identified

StakeholderKey NeedsDescription
MunicipalitiesPredictive planningNeed decision tools to evaluate projects under climate change scenarios (10+ years).
Urban designers / engineersFast impact simulationsNeed to test project alternatives and get measurable indicators.
CitizensAwareness and accessibilityNeed maps to locate cooler, less polluted zones and plan mobility routes.
Researchers / policy makersConsistent datasetsNeed harmonized multi-source data to study long-term adaptation.

Quantified Consequences

Health:Heatwaves are responsible for thousands of excess deaths per year in Europe.
Energy:Every +1°C increases cooling demand by 5–10%.
Economy:Productivity loss due to heat and pollution reaches billions of euros annually.
Equity:Vulnerable populations are the most exposed.

Opportunity

Cities urgently need a unified, data-driven decision platform to model temperature, pollution, and comfort; simulate urban projects; and provide both expert insights and public access.

Solution and Innovation

Overview

Re-Fresh provides an integrated, data-driven solution for cities to predict, simulate, and visualize the combined effects of heat, air pollution, and urban design choices.

Core Concept

A web-based predictive map powered by NASA and Copernicus datasets, enhanced by machine learning models that estimate how new buildings or green areas will influence temperature, pollution, and comfort over the next decade.

AreaInnovationAdded Value
Multi-layer modelingIntegrates thermal, air quality, and comfort dataUnified view of urban health
Predictive AIML models forecast changes 5–10 years aheadPredictive analysis
Scalable architectureModular data pipeline and APIAdaptable to any city
Citizen interfaceMap showing fresh, low-pollution areasPublic engagement
Decision dashboardQuantitative metrics for planningPolicy support

Input

Satellite + GIS + demographics data

Processing

Feature extraction, ML prediction, scenario engine

Output

Interactive map, API, citizen dashboard

User Experience

Municipal view:Upload or draw projects → predicted changes.
Engineering view:Modify variables → instant metrics.
Citizen view:Find cool & clean places.

Impact of Innovation

  • • Enables proactive, data-driven urban adaptation
  • • Connects climate science, planning, and public engagement
  • • Supports EU climate neutrality goals
  • • Scalable model for global urban resilience